Thailand is divided into 5 regions i.e., the central, the east, the north, the south and the north-east region. All are endowed with different geographic conditions, climate, history and culture.

Central Region
Thailand's Central Region consists of 22 provinces:

It is the country's most fertile land rich in rich farms and fruit orchards. The region also abounds in tourist attractions which lie prominently on both natural resources and historical ancient remains.

Historical Background in Brief
Transportation

The North
The north consists of 17 provinces i.e.,

Covering the total area of some 169,644 square kilometres, the Northern Region of Thailand is mainly mountainous with dense jungles. It is also the sources of several important rivers including the Ping, Wang, Yom and Nan, which converge into the mighty Chao Phraya at Nakhon Sawan. Because of its fertile soil, farming flourishes, the North has been the location of many ancient civilisations and today remains fairly populous.

The region borders on two countries, both by mountains and rivers. The northern frontier runs from Tak Province upward to Mae Hong Son, some districts of Chiang Mai and on to Chiang Rai. To the east, the border touches mainly on Laos demarcated mostly by mountain ranges from Phetchabun upward through Uttaradit, Nan, Phayao and Chiang Rai. Only the sectors passing through Chiang Saen and Chiang Khong districts are marked by the Maekhong River along a stretch of 90 kilometres.

Historical Background in Brief
Transportation

The Northeast (I - San)
I-San is divided into 19 provinces and borders on Laos in the east and Cambodia in the south. 

Northeastern Thailand may not offer a seaside holiday and beach roads lined with 5-star hotels, but travellers are welcomed with open arms none-the-less. Here, lifestyles, traditions language and customs are distinctly different from the rest of the kingdom.

Typical I-san food, such as som tam (a raw papaya salad) or kai yang (barbecued chicken) and lab (minced pork), is unique and not found anywhere else, unless prepared by Isan natives. I-san music and dances, quite different from those in the central region, are noted for being full of life, even boisterous.

The region's colourful festivals, its handicrafts like the distinctive hand-woven silks and cottons, and a number of special trade fairs draw large crowds of visitors, coming from as far away as the capital.
Important archaeological sites are to be found all over the region and some provinces have unmatched natural beauty spots to offer, completely unspoiled and untouched by modern progress.

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The East

Thailand's Eastern sea coast, from Chonburi on the way to Trat is among the most attractive and complete seaside destinations. Nature has endowed the area with waterfalls and mountains, beaches and islands, and man has added some facilities and conveniences to make it a truly beautiful and enjoyable destination area. The Eastern coastal region is also rich in archaeological and historical terms.

The South
Southern Thailand consists of 14 provinces:

The region, located on the peninsula, extends from Chumphon to the Thai Malaysian border and is bordered in the east by the Gulf of Thailand, to the west by Indian Ocean.

Lush tropical islands, palm-fringed beaches, coral reefs teeming with colourful marine life, picturesque fishing villages, remote national parks, forested mountains, cascading waterfalls, ubiquitous rubber estates, and the juxtaposition of temples and mosques clearly define the region's visual appeal.

Generally, one can rely on consistently fine weather and calm seas on the western side of the Thai peninsula from November to March and on the eastern side from May to September.

The southwest monsoon season, which lasts for 6 months from May to October, brings rain and squalls to the coastal areas of the Andaman Sea. There is another rainy period caused by the northeast monsoon, which brings heavy rain to the coastal areas along the Gulf of Thailand from November to September. However, there are frequent periods of fine weather during the monsoon seasons. Tourists who wish to take a boat to any remote island during the moonsoon seasons are advised to check the weather before beginning the trip.

Historical Background in Brief
Transportation